Blowpipe



J. HARRIS BLOWPIPE Filed Jan. 27. 1923 Jan. 5 1926.

Patented Jan. 5, 1926. i Y

UNITED sra'rasI JOHN-HARRIS, F CLEVELAND, OHIO.

BLowPIPE.

Application led January 27, 1923. Serial No. 815,189.

T o all 'who-m it may concern:

Beit known that I, JOHN HARRIS, a citizen of Ythe United States, residing at Cleveland, inthe `county of Cuyahoga and State of Ohio, have invented a certain new and l useful Improvement in Blowpipes, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings.

This invention relates to blowpipes, and more particularly to the means for securing together the component parts of the tip and for effecting a tight joint between the tip and the lower end ofthe head. The aforesaid objects will be realized in and through the construction shown in the drawing forming part hereof, wherein Fig. 1 represents a central longitudinal sectional view ythrou Vh the head and the tip of ablowpip'e embo ying my invention; Fig. 2 a sectional view corresponding to the line 2--2 of Fig. 1, showing in dot-.and-dash lines the arrangement of the dies bywhichl'the inner ing head 13,.there being pack posed between said head and a seat 15 on i' `and the outer member of the tip are secured together; Fig. 3 a detail in central longitudinal section, the viewfbeing taken at right angles to Fig. l; Figs. tand 5 are detalls in section, corresponding res tively to Figs. 2 and 3, and showing. a mo ification of the invention disclosedin Figs. 1-,3 inclusive; and Fi 6 is a sectibnal detail corresponding to t e line 6 6 of Fig. 1.

Describlng b reference characters the various parts ilustrated herein, 1 denotes the head of my blowpi e, said head being provided with a neck 2 iiaving in the upper portion thereof a branchedpassage 3 comv.municating at its forward end with a chaminclined passage 5 .and a second upwar l inclined .passage 6. Communicating wit the rear orreceiving ends ofthe passages 3, 5 and 6 are the pipes ber 4, an upwardl 7, 8 and 9 which serve to conduct cutt1ng` oxygen, pre-heating oxygen, and a combustible as respectively thereto. The upper end of t ie passage 5 communicates with a chamber 10 'formed by Aa `bore extendin downwardly and forwardlyl into said hea and having threaded therein the body 11 of an injector, the said injectorv having a stem 12 mounted. in said. chamber amd an operati g 14, intertop of the head. .This injector is provided with 'a `central bore 16 the upper end 'of which communicates by lateral ports 17 with vdischarges into a ,chamber 2O surrounding the lower end of the said injector and communicating with the passage 18.

Extending downwardly from the chamber 4 is a short passage 21, which merges with an enlarged threaded bore 22 extending to the chamber 19.

Threaded into the said bore 22 is an inner tip member, indicated generally at 23. This ,member comprises an upper threaded portion 24. cooperating with the thread in the bore 22 and provided with a rounded head 25 adapted to seat against the rounded upper end of said bore. Below the threaded projection 24, the said member is provided with a cylindrical yenlargement or` projection 26 adapted to fit within the upper end of the outer tip member, to be described hereinafter. The cylindrical projection 26 is provided with a plurality of slotsV 27 (four such slots being shown) each extending the full length of the projection and being preferably rectangular in shape. Below the projection 26, the said member is provided with a projection 28, generally tapered, or of frusto-conical shape. The said inner member is provided with a central bore 29 constituting a. passage for .conducting cutting oxygen from the chamber 4 to the central orifice 30.

The slots 27 are arranged in pairs on opposite sides of the enlargement or projection 26. g

While the slots of each pair are in fairly close proximity to each other, the palrs of slots are spaced a considerable angular dis tance aptart, for a pu ose to be explained hereina er, and the en arged portion 26 of the inner tip member is flattened on opposite sides thereof, as indicated at 31, to provide erabl parallel with each other, of. the same angu ar extent and spaced equi-distantly from the adjacent slots. It will be noted that this reduction in size of the/inner tip member is provided between the top and the bottom of the enlargement, leaving an ample length of metalabove and below the iiattened or recessed portions.

Fitting within the lower end of the headYV l and surrounding the lower portion of the inner tip member is the outer tip member. This outer member, yindicated generally at 32, has a cylindrical upper portion 33 adapted to t within the lower end of they head and to t snugly about-the cylindrical projections 26 of the inner tip member, thus sealing the outer sides of the slots 27 and 'forming passages through which the mixture of preheatingV oxygen and combustible gas'is supplied to the lower passages and the jet orifices; Y

For the purpose of securing the two members together, the outer member having first been fitted about the inner member in the manner shown in Fig. l, the amembled tip is inserted into a die, the two main members of which are indicated generally at 34 and 35 in Figs. 2 and 4. These two die members are provided with lateral guide-ways 36 of the width of the flattened portions 31. of the irner tip member. Punches 37, mounted in said guides, are then moved in: wardly, with the result that the cylindrical portions of the outer tip member engaged thereby are pressed inwardly into the widened recesses provided therefor in the inner member, the outer member, at the end 'of this operation, being vprovided with a pair of opposed inwardly projecting lugs or lookin members 38, integral therewith, and

most rmly and rigidly connecting the two i joint between the lower end of the hea and the cylindrical wall oi the outer tip member (which is mede to lit closely within the cylindrical bore of the head), the lower end of the head is provided with a thread 39 and e. gland nut 40 is threaded thereupon, the said nut havin an inwardly projecting shoulder 41 adapte to surround the outer tip member,

with a ring 42 resting on said shoulder, the said ring being of rusto-conical shape with its tapered or wedged end 42a engaging the joint between the bottom of the head and the adjacent cylindrical wall of the outer tip member. This ring is reerably of copper and provides a most ecient packing, preventing the leaka e of gases from the chamber 19 between t. e head and the outer tip member.

is made of steel.

wessen It has been proposed to unite the inner and outer tipY members by providing a slot extending the length of the enlargement 26, a slot iii the inner wall of the outer tip member, and a' key driven into these slots and thus' lookin the parts together. The slot used for this key has vbeen one of the slots designed for the supply of the mixturey from'the chamber 19 to the preheatin passages 43, which are provided in the en argeinent 28 at'the bottom of theinner tip member and between Ythe same and .the tapered lower end 32UL of the surrounding outer member, the upper ends of the passages communieating with a chamber 44 interposed between the bottoms of the slots 27 and the tops of such passages.' This has the disadvantage of supplying the mixture non-uniformly to the chamber 44. With the arrangement shown herein, the supply to the chamber is more e'ectively equalized thereto and to the jet orifices at the delivery ends of the assages 43, resulting in a uniform distribution of the mixture to such orifices. Y

It has also been found necessary to use, with the former construction, a key which As this steel has a low coeiicient of expansion as compared with copper and brass (the material of which the outer and the inner members are respectively made), the key tends to loosen under the heat developed through the operation of the blowpipe and to drop out. Also, with a steel key, when back-firing occurs into the chamber 19, the oxygen consumes or cuts the steel, with a development of such heat as to melt the brass and copper members of the tip.

A further .serious disadvantage in the use of the key connection in the assembling operation is that, because of the impossibility of drawing the copper and brass ti members to elxact dimensions, a considerable proportion of the tips have to be discarded because of the loose fit between the parts thereof. Where the inner and outer members are connected in the manner described f herein, the dies and the punch members kdraw the outer tip member tightly about the inner member by means of the operation which unites these members. Furthermore, any tendency to initially distort either of the members, due to the operation of the punches 37, is effectually prevented by the embrace of the two 'die members 34 and 35, with the result that, through the operation of providing locking lugs 38, the blowpipe is l materially strengthened. The punching operation draws the metal of the outer tip memberl evenly from both sides into the slotted portions of the inner member, thus tightening the grasp of the outer member upon' the inner member. y

Furthermore, in uniting the inner and outer tip members by means of a key, it is very difficult to make the slots in both members of the tip of proper size to lit a standard key; and Where the internal diameter vof the outer shell is a little greater than the external diameter off the inner shelll the forcing of the key into the slot draws toward the side to which the key is applied, the portion of the outer shell which is opposite suchside and also tends to bulge outward the side to which the key is applied, making it necessary to re-grind the outer tip memberin order to lit within the head. T ese' troubles are avoided by the construction shown and described herein. Should any distortion occur, during the connecting operation, it would not affect the fitting of the tip within the head, since the connection between the tip members is made at a point which will be below the head when the parts are assembled.

A further and final advantage of this mode of uniting the tip members is that the flattened outer faces 38 of the locking lugs pressed in from the outer member provide wrench-receiving surfaces which enable the tip to be assembled and disassembled conveniently and without marring the outer surface thereof, whereas gas pliers have. been used for this purpose heretofore.

In Figs. 4 and 5, there is shown a modiication of my invention, wherein instead of flattening a considerable portion of the area 0f the enlargement 26,1 provide the same with a pair of opposed narrow slots 45. In

this case the metal of the outer member will be pressed into the slots by correspondingly narrow punches 37, leaving in the outer member a pair of opposed recesses 46 which are so located and of vsuch shape as conveniently to receive the opposed projections on a pair of pliers or on opposed members of a wrench.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is:

`1. A blowpi e comprising a head, a tip carried by saidphead and comprising an inner member havin a central passage for cutting oxygen an provided intermediate its ends with an enlargement having passages .for preheating oxygen and a combustible gas, and an outer member surrounding the inner member and engaging the enlargement thereof, the engaging portion of the inner member being `provlded with recesses in the exterior thereof, and the surrounding portion of the outer member being pressed inwardly into such recesses to form integral locking lugs, and means for supplying cutting oxygen from said head through the first mentioned passage 'and a mixture of preheating oxygen and combustible gas through the passages Atherefor in said enlargement.

2. A blowpi e comprising a head a tip carried 'by sai head and comprising, an inner member havinr a central passage for cutting oxygen an provided intermediate its ends with an enlargement having slots extending longitudinally thereof for preheating oxygen and a combustible gas, the

said inner member having a pair of equiangularly spaced recesses intermediate the ends of such enlar ement, an outer tip member surrounding t e inner member and engaging the said enlargement and closing the outer sides of said slots and' having integral lugs pressed therefromi into such recesses, and means for ysupplylngy cutting oxygen from the head through the first mentioned passage and a mixture of preheating oxygen and a combustible gas through the pasber and adapted to engage thel said en` largement and to close the outer sides of the slots therein, thereby to form passages, the said outer member being pressed into the said recesses thereby to lock the two tipl members together, and means for su plying cutting oxygen from the head to t e said bore, and a mixture of preheating oxygen anda combustible gas through the passages constituted by the said slots and the surrounding portion of the outer tip member.

4. In a blow pipe, the combination, with a head, of a tip comprising an inner member having a central bore forv cutting oxygen and provided with an enlargement intermediate the ends thereof and projecting below said head, the said enlargement having a pair of opposed recesses formed therein, intermediate the ends thereof and below said head, and also having between such recesses-and on opposite sides of such enlargement one or more slots extending longitudinallythe full length thereof, the outer ti member surrounding the inner tip member and adapted -to engage the said enlargement and to close the outer sides of the slots therein, thereby to form passages, the said outer member being pressed into the said recesses thereby toY lock -the two tip members together and means for su plyin lcutting' oxygen from the head to the bore and a mixture of preheating oxygen and a combustible gas throu h the Pas' sages constituted `by the said ots and the l surrounding portion of the outer tip"mem ber. Y

5. A tip for blowpipes com rising an inner member having agcentra passage for cutting oxygen and afplurality of preheating passages surroundlng the delivery portion of such central passage, and an outer member surrounding the inner memberv and locked thereto by means of o'ne or more integral lugs pressed from the outer member into a cooperating recess or recesses formed upon the exterior of .thel inner member.

6. A tip adapted for detachable connection with a blowpipe head, the said tip comprising an inner member having a central passage for cutting oxygen, with a luralit of preheating passages surroun ing the elivery end of the central passage, the inner ti member having an enlargement interme iate the ends thereof provided `With opposed passages for oxygen and a preheating gas, thesaid enlargement being provided, between such opposed passages,

with recesses, and an outer tip member surrounding the inner tip member, with its interior engagingl the said enlargement and closin the outer ends of the passages forme in such enlargement, the said outer member having locking portions pressed therefrom into such recesses..

7. A ti for blowpipes comprising an inner mem er havinr a central passage for cuttin oxygen and an outer member surrounding the inner member', said tip having passages for supplying amixture of oxygen 85 and combustible gas through a portion of such tip to the delivery end thereof and around the delivery end of said central passage, the outer member being locked to the inner member by means of one or more inte- 40 gral lugs pressed from the outer member in- Ato a cooperating recess or recesses formed upon the exterior o the inner member.

In testimony' whereof, l hereunto aix my signature.

JOHN REIS. 

